🔗 Interface & Protocol Converters
1. USB-based Converters
-
USB ↔ Serial (RS232/RS485/TTL) – for industrial equipment or debugging.
-
USB ↔ Ethernet – wired internet on laptops/mobiles.
-
USB ↔ HDMI / DisplayPort / VGA – external display output.
-
USB ↔ Audio (DAC/ADC dongles) – Type-C/Lightning to 3.5mm jack.
-
USB ↔ Storage (SATA/IDE) – external HDD/SSD adapters.
-
USB ↔ PCIe – external GPU (eGPU) solutions.
2. Display/Video Converters
-
HDMI ↔ VGA – modern to legacy monitor conversion.
-
HDMI ↔ DVI – for older displays.
-
DisplayPort ↔ HDMI/DVI/VGA – common in laptops/desktops.
-
Type-C (Alt Mode) ↔ HDMI/DP – phone/laptop → external display.
-
MHL / Slimport ↔ HDMI – older mobile display outputs.
3. Network Converters
-
Ethernet ↔ WiFi (Wireless bridge adapters).
-
WiFi ↔ Bluetooth (IoT / smart gadgets bridging).
-
Optical Fiber ↔ Ethernet (Media converters in desktops/servers).
-
Ethernet ↔ Coaxial (MoCA adapters for broadband distribution).
4. Storage & Data Converters
-
SATA ↔ USB / NVMe ↔ USB – external HDD/SSD enclosures.
-
SATA ↔ PCIe (NVMe adapters) – upgrading laptops/desktops.
-
SD ↔ USB / microSD ↔ SD adapters – phones, cameras, tablets.
-
Thunderbolt ↔ PCIe / USB / HDMI / Ethernet – high-speed docking stations.
5. Audio/Video Protocol Converters
-
Analog Audio ↔ Digital (SPDIF, Optical, HDMI Audio Extractors).
-
Bluetooth Audio ↔ 3.5mm AUX / RCA – wireless receivers/transmitters.
-
HDMI ↔ AV (RCA composite video) – modern → old TV.
-
HDMI ↔ SDI (Broadcast equipment use).
6. Legacy Interface Converters
-
PS/2 ↔ USB – for old keyboards/mice.
-
Parallel ↔ USB – legacy printers.
-
FireWire ↔ USB/Thunderbolt – old Mac accessories.
-
IR ↔ USB – for remotes.
7. Industrial / Specialized Converters
-
CAN ↔ USB/Ethernet – automotive diagnostics.
-
I²C ↔ SPI ↔ UART converters – microcontroller & embedded systems.
-
GPIO ↔ USB – device control.
-
Modbus ↔ Ethernet/USB/RS485 – automation equipment.
✅ Summary of Converter Families
-
USB-based (serial, Ethernet, video, audio, storage).
-
Video/Display (HDMI, DP, VGA, MHL).
-
Networking (Ethernet, WiFi, fiber).
-
Storage/Data (SATA, NVMe, SD, Thunderbolt).
-
Audio/Video protocol (SPDIF, Bluetooth audio, HDMI extractors).
-
Legacy I/O (PS/2, parallel, FireWire).
-
Industrial/Embedded (CAN, I²C, SPI, Modbus).